conventional drug in new use（求一篇带中文翻译的英文文献 关于释磷的）

本文目录

• 求一篇带中文翻译的英文文献 关于释磷的
• conventional是什么意思
• 英语吃药用英语怎么说
• 在线翻译 急

求一篇带中文翻译的英文文献 关于释磷的

血糖异常与糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白水平变化及临床意义分析
【关键词】 糖化血红蛋白；糖尿病；,血糖
〔摘要〕 目的：探讨血糖异常及糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平变化及临床意义。方法：糖尿病组61例，血糖异常组51例，正常对照组50例，采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定空腹血糖(FBG)，金标定量法测定HbA1c含量。结果：糖尿病组和血糖异常组FBG及HbA1c均明显高于正常对照组(P《0．01)。结论：HbA1c值对糖尿病发生、发展是项重要辅助指标，血糖异常及糖尿病患者可根椐HbA1c值合理用药。
Glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with diabetes and clinical significance of changes
Key words: glycosylated hemoglobin; diabetes;, glucose
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the abnormal blood glucose and diabetic patients glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level changes and clinical significance. Methods: 61 cases of diabetes, abnormal blood sugar in 51 cases, the normal control group of 50 cases, the use of glucose oxidase method of fasting blood glucose (FBG), gold Quantitative Determination of HbA1c levels. Results: diabetes and abnormal blood glucose and HbA1c FBG group were significantly higher than the normal control group (P 《0.01). Conclusion: HbA1c value of diabetes and development is an important supplementary indicators, abnormal blood sugar and diabetes patients can root Zelkowa acuminata HbA1c value of rational drug use.
Key words: glycosylated hemoglobin; diabetes; glucose
Diabetes is common diseases, multiple, serious complications caused by hazardous to their health, is second only to cardiovascular disease, cancer of the three major fatal diseases. Blood glucose testing is diabetic diagnosis, treatment and efficacy of commonly used indicators, but only reflect the short-term changes in blood sugar, for some stress hyperglycemia and diabetes hidden diagnosis more difficult. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), in recent years has been that long-term blood sugar control of diabetes indicators . Based on the normal control group, abnormal blood glucose (6.1 ≤ FBG 《7.0), diabetic group of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with diabetes and abnormal blood glucose monitoring of clinical significance.
1 information and methods
1.l hospital sources samples from March 2005 to March 2006 admitted the medical diagnosis of diabetes according to WHO standards (6.1 ≤ FBG 《7.0) 51, age 46 to 79 years old, men and 27 cases, 24 cases of women; control group (FBG 《6.1) 50, age 46 ~ 77-year-old, male 26 cases, 24 cases of women, exclusion of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in healthy persons. Fasting blood were taken from the early morning of 2, 1 to EDTAK2 anticoagulant, a non anticoagulant, were determined HbA1c and FBG.
1.2 equipment and methods
1.2.1 FBG determined by glucose oxidase method, OLYMPUS AU 400 automatic biochemical analyzer, reagents from Shanghai Kehua Bio-engineering Co., Ltd. to provide.
1.2.2 HbA1c determined by the standard quantitative method, Norway Nyco Card Read Ⅱ special type of quantitative instrument, according to equipment operating manuals, reagents from the Hai Aopu biomedical Limited.
1.3 statistical methods to ± s measurement data that compare groups using t-test.
2 results
The normal control group, abnormal blood sugar and diabetes group FBG and HbA1c test results (± s) in table 1.
Table 1 each group FBG and HbA1c test results (abbreviated)
Note: glucose group and control group and HbA1c comparison FBG, P 《0.01; diabetic group and control group and HbA1c comparison FBG, P 《0.01.
3 discussion
HbA1c is a human red blood cells in the blood hemoglobin and the combination of glucose, HbA1c is after the formation of hemoglobin and the non-carbohydrate combination of enzymatic reactions, the synthesis of slow and not reversible, and red blood cells in the environment is directly proportional to the concentration of sugar, can reflect Before the eight weeks to 10 weeks on average blood sugar levels. HbA1c blood sugar concentration and increased in direct proportion to the extent and duration, that is, the higher the blood sugar and the longer the duration, HbA1c the higher the concentration, HbA1c blood glucose levels and the value was significantly correlated . HbA1c recent evaluation diabetes control and treatment, early warning in elderly patients with diabetes microvascular disease, prevent or delay its microangiopathy in the occurrence and development are very important significance to the age of 45 years of age in the elderly population, the proposed annual testing a FBG And HbA1c. Regular HbA1c testing, as a light, early diagnosis of hidden diabetes indicators, diabetes can legislate for the census and health checks of conventional items.
References:
. Examination of modern medical journal, 2004,19 (6): 2.
. China diabetes magazines, 2000,8 (1): 5.
. Health News, 2005:16 (4).
. Tokyo: Japan’s new medical newspaper, 1996.
. Foreign Medical Endocrinology volumes, 2004,24 (4): 274275.
. Tianjin medicine, 2002,30 (5): 280281.
. Shanghai medical tests magazines, 2003,18 (6): 3560357.
〔关键词〕 糖化血红蛋白；糖尿病； 血糖
糖尿病为常见病、多发病，其引起的并发症严重危害身体健康，是仅次于心血管病、癌症的三大致死性疾病。血糖检测是糖尿病诊断、治疗和疗效的常用指标， 但只能反映短期内血糖变化，对于某些应激性血糖升高和隐性糖尿病较难诊断。糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)，近年已被认为是糖尿病长期血糖控制的指标〔1〕。本文通过对正常对照组，血糖异常组(6.1≤FBG《7.0)，糖尿病组的空腹血糖(FBG)及HbA1c的测定，探讨糖化血红蛋白在血糖异常和糖尿病患者监测中的临床意义。
1 资料与方法
1.l 标本来源 本院2005年3月至2006年3月内科收治的按WHO糖尿病诊断标准〔2〕( FBG≥7.0)确诊的糖尿病患者61例，年龄45岁～76岁，其中男34例，女27例；血糖异常组〔2〕(6.1≤FBG＜7.0)51例，年龄46岁～79岁，男27例，女24例；正常对照组(FBG＜6.1)50例，年龄46岁～77岁，其中男26例，女24例，排除糖尿病和糖耐量减退的健康体检者。均清晨抽取空腹静脉血2份，1份以EDTAK2抗凝，1份不抗凝，分别测定HbA1c及FBG。
1.2 仪器与方法
1.2.1 FBG测定 用葡萄糖氧化酶法，OLYMPUS AU 400全自动生化分析仪，试剂由上海科华生物工程股份有限公司提供。
1.2.2 HbA1c测定 采用金标定量法，挪威Nyco Card Read Ⅱ型特种蛋白定量仪，按仪器说明书操作，试剂由上海奥普生物医药有限公司提供。
1.3 统计学方法 计量资料以±s表示，组间比较采用t检验。
2 结果
正常对照组、血糖异常组和糖尿病组FBG和HbA1c检测结果( ±s)见表1。
表1 各组FBG和HbA1c检测结果(略)
注：血糖异常组与对照组FBG和HbA1c比较，P＜0.01;糖尿病组与对照组FBG和HbA1c比较，P＜0.01。
3 讨论
HbA1c是人体血液中红细胞内的血红蛋白与葡萄糖结合的产物，HbA1c是血红蛋白生成后与糖类经非酶促反应结合而成，其合成速度慢且不可逆，与红细胞环境中的糖浓度成正比，可反映前8周～10周平均血糖水平。HbA1c浓度与血糖升高程度和持续时间成正比，即血糖愈高且持续时间愈长，HbA1c的浓度愈高，HbA1c值与血糖浓度呈明显正相关〔3〕 。由于HbA1c不能反映抽血时瞬间的血糖水平，所以不主张单独用HbA1c来诊断糖尿病。糖化血红蛋白测定辅助诊断糖尿病已成为临床的一种趋势，1996年日本HbA1c被纳入老年入保健法中糖尿病筛选的检查项目；2002年美国糖尿病协会(ADA)更是将它作为糖尿病血糖控制的金标准，明文规定所有糖尿病患者均应常规测定HbA1c，HbA1c的高低直接影响各种糖尿病慢性并发症的发生与发展。有研究表明，HbA1c检测在提示并发症的敏感性及特异性方面有独特作用〔4〕。中老年患者易发生心肌梗死、脑血管意外等，这些应激反应可致血糖升高，临床单纯血糖升高不能诊断为糖尿病，若为糖尿病，HbA1c也升高。目前国际上普遍认为，HbA1c的水平控制在7%的治疗方案属于糖尿病的强化治疗方案〔5〕。HbA1c》7%时，需要药物治疗， HbA1c《7%时，一般可采用饮食控制和加强运动处理。我们对61例糖尿病患者做了统计，HbA1c》7%的患者39例，占63.9%，可见有相当一部分糖尿病患者控制不佳，临床可根据HbA1c值调整用药；51例血糖异常组，HbA1c＞7%的患者5例，占9.8％，临床可根据HbA1c值合理用药。血糖异常组和糖尿病组FBG和HbA1c均明显高于正常对照组(P《0.01)。有实验表明，HbA1c参与了微血管损伤的过程， HbA1c可作为反映糖尿病患者是否并发微血管病变的指标〔6〕。HbA1c也可作为预测视网膜病变发生的指标之一，对于老年2型糖尿病患者应定期进行HbA1c测定〔7〕。HbA1c能评价糖尿病近期控制和治疗效果，早期预报中老年糖尿病患者微血管病变，阻止或延缓其微血管病变的发生和发展都有很重要的意义，对年满45周岁中老年人群，建议每年检测一次FBG和HbA1c。定期进行HbA1c检测，可作为轻型、隐性糖尿病早期辅助诊断指标，可以立为糖尿病的普查和健康检查的常规项目。
参考文献：
〔1〕 李龙平.胶乳增强免疫透射比浊法测定全血糖化血红蛋白〔J〕.现代检验医学杂志，2004，19(6):2.
〔2〕 钱荣立.关于糖尿病的新诊断标准与分型〔J〕.中国糖尿病杂志，2000，8(1):5.
〔3〕 李长玉．监测糖化血红蛋白有何意义〔N〕．健康报，2005：16(4)．
〔4〕 后藤由夫.老年人保险法手册．关于糖尿病检查〔M〕．东京：日本医事新报社，1996．
〔5〕 纪立农．糖尿病的强化治疗策略一精细降糖、安全达标〔J〕．国外医学内分泌学分册，2004，24(4)：274275．
〔6〕 李英，徐景，井楠．糖化血红蛋白、尿微量白蛋白测定判定2型糖尿病患者肾损害程度的探讨〔J〕．天津医药，2002，30(5)：280281．
〔7〕 田俊华，李莉，莫百军.老年2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖血糖与视网膜病变的关系〔J〕.上海医学检验杂志，2003，18(6):3560357.

conventional是什么意思

　　conventional英
　　adj.传统的; 习用的，平常的; 依照惯例的; 约定的;
　　约定; 规约性; 惯用;
　　It is simpler and quicker to use than conventional methods.
　　这比通常的做法更简单、更快捷。
　　形近词： interventional inventional conventioner

英语吃药用英语怎么说

medicine、drug、pills.

medicine，医学, 药, 医药, 药物, 药品, 证医学。

drug,药物, 药, 药品, 毒品, 吸毒, 制药。

pills药, 丸, 药片, 药丸, 吃药, 丸剂。

一、medicine

1、表示“医学”。

modern medicine 现代医学、study medicine 学医、ractise medicine 行医、traditional medicine 传统医学、conventional medicine 常规医学、orthodox medicine 正统医学。

2、表示“药”。

take medicine 吃药、cough medicine 咳嗽药、Chinese herbal medicines 中国草药。

二、drug

“drug”这个单词既可作名词用，也可作动词用。作动词时意为：给……下药，在此单讲作为名词时的用法。

1、表示“毒品”。

do/take drugs 吸毒、on drugs （因经常吸毒而导致的）吸毒成瘾、drug addict （无法停止吸毒的）吸毒成瘾的人、drug rehabilitation 吸毒者的康复训练。

2、表示“药、药物”。

prescribed drugs 处方药、pain-killing drugs 止痛药、drug companies 药品公司、food and drug administration 食品和药物管理局。

以上内容参考：知乎

在线翻译 急

Nano medicine is to nanoscale polymer nanoparticles ( NP ) or ( NS ), microsphere microcapsule ( NC ) as the carrier, and the drugs to be combined together into drug. Use of nanoparticles synthesized polymer nano microsphere drug advantage with conventional drugs compared, can overcome the disadvantage of low molecular weight drugs and side effects. This article will commonly used nitroimidazole anti-amoebic drugs metronidazole can be made into a polymerization containing monomer, dimer, and the use of polymerization and emulsion polymerization, synthesis of a series of containing metronidazole drug and polymer drug nanospheres, and 1H-NMR, IR, GPC and TEM and other means of testing the product was characterized, in order to further Study on the polymer nanometer pharmacological properties of drugs laid preliminary foundation.