conservatives and liberals课后答案（精通1920-1929世界地理及历史的答，没事的来看看）

本文目录

• 精通1920-1929世界地理及历史的答，没事的来看看
• 求大学体验英语四u1-u6passageA的课后选词填空和课后翻译句子的答案谢谢
• 跪求大学体验英语4课后翻译答案
• 谁知道以“There are two major parties in Britain today”为开头的英语阅读理解这篇文章的答案
• 2003年4月全国自考英语的答案

精通1920-1929世界地理及历史的答，没事的来看看

我找到了英文版
Timeline: 1921 to 1930
1921 Russia’s Marxist government signs trade agreements with Britain, Germany, Norway and Austria. Membership in the Communist Party reaches 730,000, tripling what it was in 1919. Famine spreads in the Volga region and is to last into the next year.
1921 South Africa’s white government creates the Natives Land Act, preventing blacks from holding land except in specially designated reserves.
1921 Britain gives Ireland dominion status, except for six counties in the north which remain within the United Kingdom. And Britain gives Egypt independence, except for the Suez Canal, which Britain continues to control.
1922 The British in India arrest Gandhi and sentence him to six years in prison.
1922 The British in Kenya arrest the leader of the East African Association, Harry Thuku.
1922 With tanks and aerial bombardment, Italian forces move deeper into Libya’s interior, beginning an eight-year war.
1922 In Italy, Mussolini seeks respectability and entry into parliamentary politics, disturbing many in his movement who dislike politicians. King Victor Emmanuel appoints him prime minister. Mussolini forms a cabinet of fascists and nationalists, and he is granted "temporary" dictatorial powers.
1922 The hormone insulin is discovered and used to treat diabetes.
1922 In Japan, a communist party is formed.
1922 Harvard University’s president, A.L. Lowell, advocates restricting Jewish applicants to his university. The Chamber of Commerce in Sharon Connecticut urges owners not to sell to Jews.
1923 In Massachusetts the homicide rate is eleven times that of Scotland’s. An African-American show called "Runin’ Wild" introduces the Charleston, a dance seen by whites as cheerfully impudent. In North Dakota a law is passed making dancing illegal on the Sunday.
1923 In Southwest Africa, now under a League of Nations mandate, the Khoikhoi (Hottentot) and Herero peoples rebel against white South Africa’s domination. South Africa attacks them with airpower.
1923 Inflation makes Germany’s money almost useless. Adolf Hitler and former general Ludendorff seize Munich’s city government. Their coup is crushed by the military. Four policemen and fourteen of Hitler’s supporters - mostly youths - die. Hitler promised to shoot himself if his coup failed, but he reconsiders. Ludendorff and Hitler - war veterans - are released. Hitler, who is less a national hero than Ludendorff, is to stand trial.
1923 An earthquake strikes Tokyo. Around 106,000 persons die or disappear and 502,000 are injured. Hordes of people, made homeless by the quake and fires, roam the city. They were without food and water. They include the city’s Koreans. Pacts of Japanese attack and murder the Koreans - men, women and children - wherever they can find them. Police round up labor leaders, socialists, communists and anarchists.
1923 U.S. President Warren Harding commutes the ten-year prison sentence of the socialist and former presidential candidate Eugene Debs, who has been in prison for the last four years for an anti-war speech he had made in 1918. Harding disturbs some anti-Communists by inviting Debs to the White House, where he shakes Debs’ hand and says that he had always wanted to meet him.
1923 The Soviet Union becomes a formal entity - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Since ’22, Lenin has been incapacitated by a stroke.
1924 Lenin dies. The Soviet government is dominated by the Communist Party, and in theory the ultimate power within the Communist Party is the Party Congress, a large body that selects the Central Committee, which selects members of the Party’s top body, the Politburo. The most influential member of the Politburo is Joseph Stalin, who barely manages to hang-on against rumors of conflict with Lenin.
1924 The first winter Olympics are held in Chamonix, France.
1924 Ho Chi Minh, a member of France’s Communist Party, travels from Moscow to Canton (Quangjour), where he becomes an assistant to Maichel Borodin, the Soviet Union’s advisor to Sun Yat-sen. From Canton, Ho begins directing rebel activities in his native Vietnam, still ruled by the French.
1924 The British release Gandhi from prison.
1924 Hitler is released from prison after 8 1/2 months of comfort and book writing. He has made a name for himself.
1924 The United States ends its eight-year occupation of the Dominican Republic.
1924 France begins its withdrawal from Germany’s Ruhr and returning to Germany its normal communications and transport connections. In elections, Communist seats drop from 65 to 45. The National Socialist (Nazi) Party drops from 32 seats to 14. The winners are the rightist Nationalist Party, with the largest representation in parliament.
1924 New law in the United States effectively ends Asian immigration to the United States. Japan declares May 26, the effective date of the legislation, a day of national humiliation.
1925 Immigration to the United States from Italy drops to from 56,246 in 1924 to 6,203. Immigration from Britain is down from 59,490 in 1924 to 27,172.
1925 In Germany, President Ebert, a Social Democrat, dies. Germans elect a patriotic but mendacious 81 year-old wartime national hero, General Paul von Hindenburg.
1925 Gandhi retires from politics, quits the Congress Party and turns his attention to the evils of alcohol and other drugs. He hopes to transform the world through spiritual power.
1925 France begins building the Maginot Line, intended as a barrier against German aggression.
1925 Membership in the Ku Klux Klan is at an new high. Forty thousand of them and their supporters march in Washington, D.C.
1925 Sun Yat-sen, leader of China’s nationalist Guomindang movement, dies. Guomingdang organizers, followed by its army, begin extending Guomindang authority northward.
1925 The Locarno Treaty attempts to normalize relations between World War I allies and Germany and to secure an understanding about political borders in Europe. Germany’s Rhineland is to remain demilitarized. France agrees to be completely out of the Rhineland by the first weeks of 1926. The participants agree to respect existing borders and to cooperate against any aggressor so far as their geography and military capabilities allow. Germany is a participant. The Russians are not. They sense isolation and are hostile to the gathering.
1926 Germany joins the League of Nations.
1926 In Morocco, a rebellion led by Mohammed ben Abel Krim is crushed by French and Spanish forces.
1926 In South Africa, Prime Minister M.B. Herzog introduces the Mines and Works Amendment Act, which excludes blacks and Asians (people of Indian heritage) from all skilled and some semi-skilled mining jobs.
1926 Japan’s Emperor Taisho dies. His son, Hirohito, 25, ascends the throne. He favors peace and cooperation with foreign powers. The political party in power, the Democratic (Minseito) Party, expresses agreement.
1927 In Japan, factories are closing. Falling silk and rice prices hurt Japanese farmers. Starvation becomes a real threat to millions of people in rural areas. Banks are closing. The government fears unrest and subversion and pursues a campaign against "dangerous thoughts." Communists are sent to prison and professors are dismissed from universities. More hope is placed in empire. Fears arise concerning events in China, and military expenditures are increased.
1927 The Guomindang’s movement northward from Canton has been accompanied by a wave of strikes that bring production in China to a standstill, and peasant unrest has been encouraged, raising fears among landowners across China. Warlords have been going over to the side of the Guomindang’s leader, Chiang Kai-sheck. Wealthy Chinese businessmen offer moderates within the Guomindang their support if they rid the Guomindang of its leftists. Chiang Kai-shek has developed a dislike for communists. His forces take control of Shanghai and turn against the Guomindang’s communists and against labor unions.
1927 A book written by André Gide creates indignation in France regarding mistreatment of people in the Congo - blacks forced to work on the construction of 300 miles of railroad from Brazzaville to Pointe Noire that over a ten-year period killed nearly ten thousand.
1927 Bavaria lifts its ban against Hitler speaking. In his first speech, Hitler attacks agreements that Germany made at Locarno.
1927 The Jazz Age spreads to Germany. Many in Germany, including Hitler and some of his followers, express a puritanical contempt for the new hedonism.
1927 Joy erupts in response to the first non-stop solo transatlantic flight, from the U.S. to France, by Charles Lindbergh.
1927 The United States advocates discussions between the warring sides in Nicaragua’s civil war between Liberals and Conservatives. The U.S. sends warships and Marines to establish order. A conference between the the Liberals and Conservatives produces a settlement. But a dissident general, Sandino, pursues guerrilla warfare, attacking the Marines at Ocotal, in the north about 70 miles from the Pacific Coast. The Marines responds with airpower.
1927 In the Chicago area, Al Capone controls gambling, prostitution, distilleries and has a large share in a cleaning and dyeing plant chain. His income is estimated at $105 million per year. The Supreme Court decides that illegal income can be taxed, a tool the U.S. starts to use to fight crime.
1927 Catholics - some of them priests - take up arms against anti-clerical provisions of Mexico’s 1917 Constitution. Trains are blown up. Public schools are attacked and burned and teachers are killed. The government retaliates and tries to kill a priest for every murdered teacher. It’s called the Cristero War.
1928 A Catholic partisan assassinates Mexico’s president-elect Alvaro Obregon. The Cristero War is to last into 1929.
1928 France wants assurances of U.S. help should another war erupt in Europe. The U.S. Secretary of State, Frank B. Kellogg, wants to avoid U.S. involvement in another European War. He does this by turning an agreement with France into a grandiose renunciation of war. His Kellogg-Briand Pact is signed by sixty-three nations, including Italy, Germany and Japan.
1928 The economy in the Soviet Union has been part private enterprise, part state run and mismanaged. The country is suffering economically, and communists are searching for "saboteurs and wreckers." A trial begins against 53 engineers accused of sabotage. Communists are complaining and flinging accusations at each other while Stalin appears to be a reasonable and a symbol of unity. He wants to build socialism at home and good relations abroad rather than pursue revolution abroad. Stalin and the Politburo move the country to an all-out socialist economy. The first Five-Year Plan and collectivization of agriculture begins.
1928 Voting in Italy drops by two-thirds in the wake of new voting restrictions, including a prohibition on the vote of women.
1928 By June, Chiang Kai-shek’s forces were in control in Beijing, in China’s north. Chiang was the chairman of his political party, the Guomindang. He was the republican army’s commander-in-chief, and in September 1928, his government’s Organic Law gave him dictatorial powers, with the title of President.
1929 In Kenya missionaries have been critical of the Kikuyu custom of female circumcision. The Kikuyu claim that it was an essential part of their culture and accuse the missionaries were undermining their rights. many Kikuyu to break away from the Christian churches and mission schools. And in place of these, Kikuyu developed their own schools
1929 In the United States, investing in stocks has been encouraged by a rising stock market, which has created a lot of dreams of wealth and more investing. Investing has become a craze, too much of it on borrowed money. The reality of limitations is ignored. The smarter investors begin to withdraw from the market. More selling follows. The bubble bursts.
1929 A Scot, Alexander Fleming, discovers penicillin, an anti-biotic
1929 Edwin Hubble discovers that galaxies are moving away from each other.
1929 The Lateran Treaty restores Vatican City to the pope. The Roman Catholic Church is established as the state church, and it is assured substantial control over Italy’s educational system.
1929 King Alexander proclaims a dictatorship and changes the name of his kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes to Yugoslavia.
1929 Jews are accused of having seized Muslim holy places in Jerusalem. In Jerusalem enraged mobs attacked Jews and loot their homes. The attacks spread to other cities. A Jewish settlement of 700 people in Hebron comes to an end. The uprising helps convince Jews in Palestine of the need for a separate state.

求大学体验英语四u1-u6passageA的课后选词填空和课后翻译句子的答案谢谢

Unit 1
Ex.5
1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility
6. devalue 7. striving 8. entailed 9. supposedly 10. Consequently
Ex.8 Translate the following sentences into English.
1. With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.
2. He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.
3. Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.
4. At best he’s ambitious, at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.
5. We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.
Unit 2
Ex5.
1.awaited, 2.have overtaken, 3.pose, 4.cues, 5.has undermined,
6.soptted, 7.judged, 8.distracted, 9.offend, 10.mask
Ex8.
1. He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be.
2. As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby.
3. Staying up late will undermine one’s health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it.
4. The ambassador personally conveyed the president’s message to the premier.
5. The girl decided to open up and tell the police what she had seen.
Unit 5
Ex5.
1. morality 2. quest 3. downright 4. advocated 5. contemporaries
6. deceiving 7.exclusive 8. obstructing 9. captured 10. conscience
Ex8.
1. The airplane they boarded soared out of sight right after it took off.
2. At the meeting, the two sides had a hot debate. The reformers put forward many reforming measures, but the conservatives were in opposition to the proposed changes.
3. In the long run, we should learn more about science and technology. Besides our major subjects, knowledge of computers, English and driving is necessary for our work.
4. She does gymnastic exercises four times a week in the quest to achieve the perfect body.
5. Every morning in the park, some old people are doing physical exercises there, chatting with each other at the same time.
Unit 6
Ex5.
1. achievement 2. self-esteem 3. primitive 4. aroused 5. identified
6. confrontation 7. conflict 8. soaring 9. abandoned 10. professional
Ex8.
1. She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.
2. Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers.
3. Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.
4. Despite the actors’ wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.
5. Professor Wang is the only doctor I can rely on to save my son.

跪求大学体验英语4课后翻译答案

Unit 1 Passage A
1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.
2.他感到他没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。
He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.
3.闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露西却喜欢呆在家里看书。
Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.
4.说好听一点,可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心或没有资格的权力追求者。
At best he’s ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.
5.我们已经尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.
Unit 2 Passage A
1.要是他适合当校长，那么哪个学生都可以当。
He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be.
2.至于她的父亲，她不敢肯定他是否会接收她和她的小孩。
As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby.
3.晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。
Staying up late will undermine one’s health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it.
4.大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。
The ambassador personally conveyed the president’s message to the premier.
5.这个女孩决定敞开心扉，把她看到的一切都告诉警方。
The girl decided to open up and told the police what she had seen.
Unit 3 Passage A
1.理个发他就要收500元，简直不可思议。
It is simply incredible for him to charge 500 dollars for a haircut.
2.人民赋予你权力，你就应该全心全意为人民服务。
People grant you the privilege, so you should serve the people wholeheartedly.
3.天气预报很重要，依据它我们才能决定什么时候出航。
The weather forecast is important so that we can decide when to go to sea.
4.炮声打破了往常周日早晨的宁静，人们强烈预感到战争就要来临。
The sound of big guns violated the usual calmness of Sunday morning, and people had a strong feeling that the war was coming.
5.即使你没分钟看3页，到本周末你无论如何也看不完这本书。
Even though you read three pages per minute, you will by no means finish the book by the end of this weekend.
Unit 4 Passage A
1.我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。
My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 yearsold.
2.真奇怪，汤姆的奶奶都80岁了还玩玩具娃娃。
Surprisingly, Tom’s grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80.
3.他大公无私的精神和天赋是他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作。
His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get.
4.你如何解释他的那个怪梦？
What interpretation would you put on his odd/strange dream?
5.我们老板刚买的新轿车一小时能行驶200公里。
The brand-new car our boss has just brought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.
Unit 5 Passage A
1.他们乘坐的飞机起飞后立刻就消失了。
The airplane they boarded soared out of sight right after it took off.
2.在会上，双方展开了激烈的争论。改革派提出许多改革措施，而保守派则反对提出的改革建议。
At the meeting, the two sides had a hot debate. The reformers put forward many reforming measures, but the conservatives were in opposition to the proposed changes.
3.从长远看，我们必须学习更多的科技知识，除了掌握主修的专业之外，懂得计算机、英语和驾驶是我们工作中必不可少的。
In the long run, we should learn more about science and technology. Besides our major subjects, knowledge of computers, English and driving is necessary for our work.
4.为练成完美的体形，她每周做四次健身操。
She dose gymnastic exercises four times a week in the quest to achieve the perfect body.
5.每天早晨，一些老人在公园里一边锻炼身体一边聊天。
Every morning in the park, some old people are doing physical exercises there, chatting with each other at the same time.
Unit 6 Passage A
1.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时代。
She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.
2.试验表明，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人在工作中犯的错误要少。
Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers.
3.球迷经常受到人们的重视，不是因为他们自身的成功，而是因为他们支持的球队获得了胜利。
Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.
4.尽管演员的演技高超，这部长达3小时的电影还是未能吸引住我们。
Despite the actors’ wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.
5.王教授是我唯一指望能救我儿子的大夫。
Professor Wang is the only doctor I can rely on to save my son.
Unit 7 Passage A
1.虽然他说他为此事做了很多努力，但他的成功至少部分是由于他运气好。
Although he said he had done a lot for the case, his success was at least in part due to luck.
2.叫要讨论的议题非常关键，因为它将决定很多人的未来。
The issue to be discussed is critical, because it will determine the future of many people.
3.我将尽量避免将我的观点强加于别人。
I’ll try my best to avoid imposing my ideas on others.
4.在那种情况下，很少有人能够正视自己性格上的缺点。
Rarely can people face up to the defects in their own characters in such a situation.
5.大学生活被称为人的一生中最美丽的阶段。
College life is referred to as the most beautiful period of one’s life.
Unit 8 Passage A
1.无论我们遇到什么样的困难，我们都应该想办法克服它。
No matter what difficulties we come across, we should try our best to overcome them.
2.尊老爱幼是中华民族传统的美德。
Respecting the old and caring for the young is a traditional Chinese virtue.
3.今天，各行各业的人都在努力提高自己的知识水平以便跟上时代的发展。
Today, people from all walks of life are trying to acquire more knowledge to keep pace with the development of our times.
4.孩子们特别喜欢卡通片。
Children have a fancy for cartoons. (take a fancy to/have a fancy for)
5.考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做得不错。
Given that they are lacking in experience/inexperienced/green hand, they have done a good job.

谁知道以“There are two major parties in Britain today”为开头的英语阅读理解这篇文章的答案

There are two major parties in Britain today,the Conservative Party and the Labour Party,which have been in power by turns since 1945.The two—party system of Britain was formed in the course of the development of the capitalist state and the political parties.In order to strengthen the state machine,the British bourgeosie have let it come into being and exist in one form or another form since the 17th century.P.S.Tregidgo once said:“The more parties there are,the less likely it is that any one of them will be strong enough in Parliament to outvote all the others;but when there are only two,one of them is sure to have a majority o f seats.This helps to ensure a strong and stable government.”This may be the reason why the British have the twoparty system. 
　　 The division into two parties grew out the establishment of a Protestant Church of England in the 16th century.Because of a purely religious difference of opinion,the Puritans were separated from the broad body of the Anglican Church.The non Puritan Anglicans were on the side of the King and Church,and their supporters were called by their opponents “Tories.”The Puritans were for Parliament and trade,and their supporters were called by the “Tories”“Whigs”.The Tories and the Whigs were in power a long time.In 1833,the Tory party split into two and its name was changed to Conservative.In the 1860s the Whigs became Liberals.From that time on,the Liberals and the Conservatives were in office by turns until 1922.The policies they put into effect were sometimes different,but they were both controlled by the rich. 
　　 The working class became more and more unwilling to follow the Conservatives and the Liberals.They wanted to have their own party.So the Labour party was formed by the trade unions.After 1922 the Labour Party gradually replaced the Liberal Party to become one of the two major parties in Great Britain. 
　　1.What does “it” stand for in the third line? 
　　A)The twoparty system. B)The state machine. 
　　C)The Partiament. D)The capitalist state. 
　　2.We can learn from what P.S Tregidgo once said that ____. 
　　A)if there are parties in Britain,none of them will be strong enough to have con trol in the government 
　　B)the more patients there are,the more likely it is that they will have the deci sive say in the government 
　　C)the two partysystem contributes to the establishment of a powerful and long lasting government 
　　D)if there are only two parties in Britain,it will be easy for the government to control them 
　　3.What can we infer from the forming of the Tory Party and the Whig Party? 
　　A)These two parties originally believed in different religions. 
　　B)These two parties were established under the influence of different religious believes. 
　　C)The British King and the Parliament supported different religions becaused they were for the twoparty system. 
　　D)The British King and the Parliament were supported by different parties for political reasons. 
　　4.According to the passage,why was the Labour Party established in Britain? 
　　A)Because the trade unions did not do much good for the working people. 
　　B)Because the Liberal Party were not strong enough to defeat the Conservative Party. 
　　C)Because the working people would not like to be members outside the Liberal Party. 
　　D)Because neither of the two major parties was the parties for the working people. 
　　5.Which of the following is true concerning the Tory Party or the Whig Party? 
　　A)The Whig Party no longer exists in Britain. 
　　B)The Tory Party has kept its unity until the present day. 
　　C)The Whig Party has taken the place of the Liberal Party. 
　　D)The Tory Party has taken the place of the Conservative Party.

答案（嘟嘟）：

1. A本题要求读者指出第3行的“it”指代什么。A为两党制，B为国家机器，C为议会，D为资本主义政府，从原文可知，资产阶级是为了强化国家机器，而让两党制形成并存在的。故答案为A。 

2. .C本题要求读者指出从P.S.特莱吉欧说的话中可得知什么。A意思是：如果英国有政党的话，哪个党也不能控制政府。B意思是：政党越多，他们就越有可能在政府中有决定性的发言权。C意思是：两党制有利于建立一个有力的持久的政府。D意思是：如果英国只有两个政党，政府会很容易控制他们。从原文可知，A，B，D都不符合原文，故正确答案为C。

3. B本题要求读者指出从托利党和辉格党的形成可得出什么推论。A意思是：这两个党原来属于不同的宗教信仰。B意思是：这两个党是受不同的宗教信仰影响而建立起来的。C意思是：英国的国王和议会支持不同的宗教因为他们拥护两党制。D意思是：英国的国王和议会由于政治上的原因受不同的党派的支持。从原文可知，由于继宗教上的原因，英国国教分化为清教徒和非清教徒，这两支后来发展为辉格党和托利党。所以正确答案为B。 

4. D本题要求读者指出英国工党是为什么建立的。A意思是：因为工会没有为工人阶级谋多少利益。B意思是：因为自由党对抗不过保守党。C意思是：因为工人阶级不想成为自由党外的成员。D意思是：因为当时的两大政党都不代表工人阶级利益。从原文可知，工党的建立起因是工人阶级不愿受自由党和保守党的控制，且这两大党都是富人的党。所以正确答案为D。 

5. A本题要求读者指出关于托利党和辉格党的正确叙述。A意思是：在英国辉格党已经不存在了。B意思是：直到今天托利党还保持着完整统一。C意思是：辉格党取代了自由党。D意思是：托利党取代了保守党。从原文可知，辉格党发展成后来的自由党，自由党又为工党取代。所以正确答案为A。

2003年4月全国自考英语的答案

2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.
A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】
2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.
A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】
3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.
A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】
4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.
A�which B�that C�when D�where【】
5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.
A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】
6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.
A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】
7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.
A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】
8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.
A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】
9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.
A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】
10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.
A�for B�of C�from D�into【】
Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment.
Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it.
11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】
12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】
13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】
14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】
15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】
16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】
17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】
18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】
19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】
20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down.
In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”.
Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them.
Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people.
All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.
21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.
A�spaceships from other planets
B�a secret type of aircraft being built
C�some natural phenomena
D�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】
22�The first flying saucers got their name.
A�from a private plane pilot who saw them
B�for their brightness in color
C�because they looked like disks moving in the air
D�because they skimmed across the water【】
23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.
A�newspaper reporters used it
B�the term “flying saucer” was very confusing
C�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objects
D�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】
24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.
A�man�made satellites
B�aircraft
C�experimental missiles
D�spaceships sent from other planets【】
25�From this passage we know that.
A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucers
B�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigators
C�UFOs are not worth further investigation
D�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices.
While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派).
The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities.
The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.
26�What Horace Mann means is that.
A�education is essential for man�s growth
B�an apple is delicious only when it is ripe
C�a man is like a child without proper education
D�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】
27�At school,children.
A�find it hard to win wisdom
B�have choices in what they learn
C�are taught what adults select for them to learn
D�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】
28�The three R�s does not include.
A�arithmetic
B�writing
C�reading
D�reasoning【】
29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.
A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledge
B�courses in three R�s in the elementary school
C�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary level
D�the development of the student as an individual person【】
30�The liberals hold that.
A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult life
B�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the students
C�course content should be learned and remembered for future use
D�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life.
The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up.
There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children.
The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television.
School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.
31�The main idea of this article is that.
A�the American family is dying
B�young people today don�t want to get married
C�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than ever
D�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】
32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A�Marriage is more popular than before.
B�Many divorced people remarry.
C�The majority of marriages last long.
D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】
33�The author of this article believes that.
A�the American family is here to stay
B�children should not watch so much television
C�mothers should not work when their children are small
D�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】
34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?
A�The day�care center.
B�Television.
C�The school
D�Development time.【】
35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?
A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.
B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.
C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.
D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】
PART TWO
Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r
38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t
40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p
42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n
44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m
46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t
48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l
50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s
52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s
54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v
Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.
57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.
58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.
59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.
60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.
61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.
62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.
63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.
64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.
65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.
Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)
将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。
67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。
68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？
69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。
70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。
Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well.
It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.
2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure
1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。
【key】选D.to pay。
2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。
【key】选B�attracts。
3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。
【key】选C�sense。
4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。
【key】选D�where。
5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。
【key】选A�as。
6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。
【key】选C�substance。
7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。
【key】选A�high。
8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。
【key】选C�qualities。
9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。
【key】选D�recalled。
10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。
【key】选B�of。
Ⅱ�Cloze Test
11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。
【key】11�选C；12�选A。
13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。
【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。
15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。
【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。
17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。
【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。
20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。
【key】选B�in。
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension
21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。
【key】选D.
22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。
【key】选C.
23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。
【key】选C.
24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。
【key】选D.
25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。
【key】选B.
26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”
【key】选A.
27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。
【key】选C.
28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。
【key】选D.
29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。
【key】选D.
30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。
【key】选B.
31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。
【key】选C.
32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。
【key】选D.
33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。
【key】选A.
34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。
【key】选B.
35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。
【key】选A.
Ⅳ�Word Spelling
36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。
【key】praise
37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。
【key】rubber
38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。
【key】surface
39 【analysis